Voting

Introduction
The Euler protocol is governed and upgraded by EUL token-holders, using three distinct components; the EUL token, governance module, and timelock module. Together, these contracts allow the community to propose, vote, and implement changes. Proposals can modify system parameters, support new markets, or add entirely new functionality to the protocol.
EUL is an ERC-20 token that allows token holders to delegate voting power to any address, including their own address. Changes to the owner’s token balance automatically adjust the voting power of the delegate. In order to enable these features, the EUL (Euler) token smart contract inherits the features in the Openzeppelin ERC20Votes smart contract.
On the other hand, the Euler governance smart contracts inherit features from the OpenZeppelin Governance smart contracts. It is a governance protocol allowing voters/delegates vote on active proposals to make changes to the Euler governance configurations (i.e., voting delay, voting duration and proposal threshold) and Euler protocol.
Specifically, the smart contract functions capable of modifying the protocol and controlled via governance have been implemented in the Euler Governance module of the protocol.
Examples of the decisions token holders might vote on include proposals to modify:
The tier of an asset
Collateral and borrow factors
Price oracle parameters
Reactive interest rate model parameters
Reserve factors
Governance configurations themselves, i.e., voting period, voting delay and proposal threshold via a newly released GovernorSettings.sol base contract in v4.6.0 of the OpenZeppelin Smart Contracts.
On-Chain governance actions (proposal, voting, etc.) for the Euler protocol can be done via the Tally governance dashboard (described below).
On the other hand, off-chain governance actions (proposal, voting, etc.) for the Euler protocol can be done via the Snapshot governance dashboard (described below). For off-chain governance, there is no code to review or implement as such. It is mainly a call for the Euler Foundation to carry out an action. Issue a grant, or pay a bill, for example. Thus mainly used to aid Euler in making difficult decisions in collaboration with the community.
Tally
Tally is a web-based governance application focused on enabling on-chain governance. The Tally governance web application provides transparency around the governance of various DeFi protocols, e.g., Compound, Uniswap, etc. bringing all of the proposals and voting for these protocols under a shared user interface.
The Euler Governance Dashboard has also been launched on Tally.
Tally empowers user owned governance through a voting dashboard, governance tooling, and real time research and analysis. Users can use the app to review data on governance systems, active and prior proposals, and individual delegates or token holders. The platform also enabled direct on-chain voting and vote delegation, helping users put their governance insights into action. Through integration with the Euler governance smart contract, Euler token holders can connect their wallets and create proposals, vote, delegate voting power to a community member, discover other delegates in the community, and more.
Delegate
If you wish to have a say in governance, you need to delegate your vote to self or someone in the community.
In summary, delegates are token holders that have completed a one-time setup process (executing the delegate function of the token to delegate another user or the token holder themselves to enable the governor contract to determine their voting power). Once you become a delegate, you can vote on active proposals, and create proposals if you have enough voting power. If you choose not to directly vote on proposals, you can pass your voting power on to a delegate as well.
The delegate sections below describe the delegation using the EUL token smart contract and via the Tally Governance Dashboard.
Delegate votes from the sender to a delegatee. Users can delegate to 1 address at a time, and the number of votes added to the delegatee’s vote count is equivalent to the balance of EUL in the user’s account. Votes are delegated from the current block and onward, until the sender delegates again, or transfers their EUL. Delegation can be carried out via the smart contract function described below or via the Tally user interface.
Tally Governance Dashboard
The first step in the delegation process via the Tally governance application is to visit the EulerDAO page on the Tally governance application and connect your wallet.
The second step is to click on "Delegate vote" at the top right corner of the screen.
Users can then choose to either delegate to themselves or to another wallet, delegate or community member. By delegating to self, you retain your voting power. Next time there is an active proposal, you can choose to vote in any way you choose.
If you choose to delegate to an address or delegate, the following screen will be shown instead where you can enter the address you wish to delegate your voting power to.
This will not transfer any of your tokens to the delegate, you will only be delegating your voting power, i.e., voting via proxy who will be voting on your behalf or representing you at the polls! You can always change the delegate later on or delegate to yourself again. This helps to ensure that there is a good degree of participation from the community on on-chain governance proposals voting.
Finally, regardless of whether you are delegating to yourself or delegating to a delegate, you will be required to confirm the transaction in your wallet and this transaction will cost gas.
To recap, delegates are token holders that have completed a one-time setup process. Once you become a delegate, you can then vote on active proposals, and create proposals if you have enough voting power. If you choose not to directly vote on proposals, you can pass your voting power on to a delegate as we have seen.
EUL
For developers who wish to interact with the EUL token contract directly, the EUL contract has a delegate function defined below with examples on how to interact with it.
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function delegate(address delegatee)
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delegatee: The address the sender wishes to delegate their votes to.
msg.sender: The address of the EUL token holder that is attempting to delegate their votes.
RETURN: No return.
Solidity
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EUL eul = EUL(0x123...); // contract address
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eul.delegate(delegateeAddress);
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Web3
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const tx = await eul.methods.delegate(delegateeAddress).send({ from: sender });
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Proposal Creation and Voting
The images below depict the use of the Tally governance dashboard for governance proposal creation and voting.
The governance home page on Tally shows a list of active and succeeded proposals:
On Tally, users can also see the top voters on proposals created for the Euler test DAO as shown below:
Users can also view the total percentage of votes in support or against a specific proposal. In the image below, the test proposal succeeded with all votes in support:
Proposal Creation
To create a new proposal, users will need to click on Create New Proposal from the DAO home page on Tally as shown in the top right corner in the image below:
This will then open up the proposal creation dialog taking users through the required steps to create an on-chain proposal. In the initial step / screen, it will check that the user has enough voting power to meet the proposal threshold specified within the governance smart:
The next step will require users to name the proposal and add a short description as shown below:
In the next step, users will need to add the actions to be executed should the proposal become successful or receive majority of vote in support. In this step, users can specify the target smart contract and required function parameters:
The following page will then be the review page allowing the user to review and confirm that the specified actions are correct:
Once confirmed, the proposal will then be created on-chain and if successful, Tally will display the proposal page with the description and status (e.g., pending, active, succeeded, queued, executed). 
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Voting
When voting, users have the option to vote for or against a proposal or an abstain vote as shown in the images below:
Firstly users will need to connect their wallet to cast a vote 
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Followed by casting a vote with or without a comment for the community 
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Full Tally documentation can be accessed online at: Tally. The documentation describes how to navigate the web app, voting and delegation and creating a Tally account.
Snapshot
​Snapshot is an off-chain, 'gasless', multi-governance community polling dashboard used by a number of decentralised finance projects including the likes of Aave and Balancer.
It provides a simple interface to create governance proposals and lets users vote on them by connecting their wallets and the governance tokens contained within. However, the actual voting process is conducted off-chain to save on gas costs and complexity to enable community members 'signal' their preferences on proposals before any on-chain actions or governance process.
The image below shows the Snapshot user interface:
Searching for Euler should bring up the Euler logo and space which users can then click on to go over to the Euler space / dashboard on Snapshot. Optionally, users can navigate directly to the Euler space by navigating to https://snapshot.org/#/eulerdao.eth.
Clicking on Euler should take you to the Euler space home page on Snapshot.
You can join the community as well as stay updated on proposals by clicking on the Join button. You will be prompted by Metamask to sign a transaction which is completely free.
The image below shows a notification (received by a member of the Euler community on Snapshot) about an active Euler proposal.
Full Snapshot documentation can be accessed online at: Snapshot.
The following subsections describe the proposal creation and voting process on Snapshot for off-chain governance.
Proposal Creation
To create a new proposal on Snapshot, head over to https://snapshot.org/#/eulerdao.eth and connect your metamask wallet. It should be the one where you hold your EUL tokens.
You should see the Euler space home page as shown below:
The proposal creation steps are outlined in the Snapshot documentation.
Click on New proposal on the left hand side of the window of the Euler space home page (above). It should open up the new proposal form for you to complete which looks like this:
It will also check your connected wallet and let you know the proposal threshold. Enter the proposal title, description (can be formatted using markdown) and you can also enter a link at the bottom pointing to your proposal on the Euler Governance Forum on Discourse.
Go to the Actions box and select the Voting type, start date and end date of your proposal. Make sure you allow enough time for voting. Use the default Snapshot block number or you can change it according to your needs. The block number is the snapshot where the balance of voters will be counted.
Click on Publish and your proposal will be created. You will be prompted by Metamask to sign a transaction which is free and the proposal will then become active.
Voting
Head over to https://snapshot.org/#/eulerdao.eth and connect your metamask wallet. It should be the one where you hold your EUL tokens.
You should see the Euler space home page as shown below:
To vote, click on an active proposal to view more details and see the voting options (as well as existing votes).
Scrolling down on the page, you will see the current votes, voters (votes and voting power) and the options available for voting.
When you select an option to vote on, your voting power will be displayed and you will be prompted by Metamask to sign a transaction which is free.
Governance Process
Governance Launch Phases
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Contents
Introduction
Tally
Delegate
Proposal Creation and Voting
Snapshot
Proposal Creation
Voting